AVAILABILITY AND STORAGE OF VACCINES IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES

AVAILABILITY AND STORAGE OF VACCINES IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES

ABSTRACT

Vaccine preventable diseases remain the most common causes of childhood mortality with an estimated three million deaths each year. Immunity to vaccine preventable diseases only result when active and effective vaccines are used. Active and effective vaccines can be sustained by harnessing the essential elements in the cold chain namely the vaccines, manpower, and equipment. This study was conducted to determine the knowledge of health workers in immunization centers in Abraka LGA as regards vaccine storage and availability, to determine the availability of children and adult vaccine as well as fund availability and to determine whether or not the cold chain is interrupted using the VVM of oral polio vaccines. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive survey of all the public health facilities that offer static immunization in Abraka LGA. All the 27 health facilities that offer immunization services in the LGA were reviewed using both qualitative and quantitative approach to determine the cold chain status at those centers. The result showed that 65(46.1%) of the respondents received preservice training while 76 (53.9%) of the respondents have received in-service training on cold chain management. Only 48 (34.0%) of the respondents could identify OPV as the most heat sensitive, 70 (49.6%) could identify DPT as the most sensitive to freezing and as many as 126 (89.4%) could cite the appropriate temperature range for vaccine storage. The quality of vaccine cold chain in the twenty seven health facility visited were generally good but efforts need to be directed at the availability of equipments and maintenance, regular supervision and monitoring of the vaccine cold chain and regular in-service training to update the knowledge of health workers.

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